I'm probably the only person for whom this is still not clear, but if I host a thumbail on an external server (say, imagevenue), then the image policy does not apply ? Not that I intended to provide hardcore thumbnails for the reviews, I always go out of my way to make them PG or R at worst, but if it's a hotlinked thumbnail, I shouldn't have to worry, right ?
A brick and mortar store that doesn't have a website with box covers posted should qualify as a "mere distributor". As soon as you cause an explicit image to load in a web page the act is considered publishing. When you publish you become a secondary producer and absolutely must have records.
It's absolutetly fucking stupid. I hope the children are safer now.
The responsibility to maintain records is not decided by the location of the hard drive that the image is stored upon. The responsibility falls upon the publisher. If you create a web page hosted in the US but that page loads images hosted on a server located on Mars you still need records. You had editorial control over the page.
God hates us all, you know it's true, God hates this place. - Slayer 1726 Posts 10/03
Posted - May 27 2005 : 5:44PM
So if you host outside of the US, or on other planets , the publisher doesn't fall under the 2257? What I'm getting at is if I move my host from the US to Canada or somewhere else, it won't matter about the 2257 on me even if I live in the US?
I'm not sure on that one and I wouldn't want to chance it. We're taking the position that we are a US company operating in the US and therefore most likely are required to comply with US Laws. Sure we could have the servers in a different country but we're still publishing from here.
Just keep in mind that a strong argument can be made that requiring record-keeping merely when an image has been duplicated may unconstitutionally burden the right of speech. The government must have a compelling interest to bypass the first amendment and the means it chooses must be narrowly tailored to address this interest.
The compelling interest in preventing child porn is obvious. However, rather than forcing the secondary producer to have a copy of the records, the law could have just allowed the secondary producer to rely on the originals... (is that how it's done now?)
The new regulations sound like a great way to protect someone's porn copyright. Not only can a person sue for copyright infringement, you can send the feds after them for failure to maintain the proper 2257 records.
morbid, can you provide an opinion on this section of the new 2257 regs:I'm confused about the italicized portion. The "or"s and "and"s are very important here. I get the part and jurisdictional rational for establiching the interstate commerce requirement. I'm going to edit it to make my point/present a question: that is produced in whole or in part with materials that ... that contains one or more visual depictions of an actual human being engaged in actual sexually explicit
I'm wondering if the 'in whole or in part' section only applies to the interstate commerce portion or if it also carries through to the 'one or more visual depictions' part. Basically, if recrods are required for a box cover image that does not contain actual sex but was produced in part with/from a movie that contains images of actual sex. With this interpretation we'll need to have records to display box covers for any movies containing actual sex, essentially every movie on the site.
I agree that the language is confusing here, but I don't think that "in whole or in part" means that 2257 applies to images not showing actual sexual conduct, but derived from images that do. This paragraph specifies who has to maintain records, and contains an (implicit) definition of a "secondary producer": someone who produces "matter that contains a depiction of an actual human being engaged in actual sexually explicit conduct that is produced in whole or in part with materials that have been mailed or shipped in interstate or foreign commerce." The "in whole or in part" refers to the product created by the secondary producer, not the original product. So it doesn't matter whether the secondary producer simply copies the original material, or whether he uses only part of it or alters it somehow. As long as it show "actual sexually explicit conduct" it falls under 2257. But if it doesn't show such conduct, 2257 doesn't apply.
Then, after the big "OR", comes the implicit definition of "primary producer": someone who creates material that "is shipped or transported or is intended for shipment or transportation in interstate or foreign commerce and that contains one or more visual depictions of an actual human being engaged in actual sexually explicit conduct."
So, boxcovers that don't show actual sexual activity should be OK. The standard has to be whether the material shows sexual activity. For instance, a studio's logo is produced "along with" depictions of actual sex contained in a film, but it would be absurd to use 2257 to prosecute someone for reproducing a studio's logo on their website.
No, you didn't imagine that. However, the final rules are different than the proposed rules with respect to performer's names. I forget the specifics but they are in the PDF linked to in one of my first posts in this thread.
Thanks BigBob for the info provided in the other post. This helps a lot. I am linking it here, since your thread was locked and will soon drop from the first page and could go unnoticed.
GREAT article posted on AVN! ----------------------------
Understanding Personal ID Documents Requirement Under Section 2257 and Regulations By: J.D. Obenberger Posted: 5:10 pm PDT 5-27-2005
[Editor's note: J.D. Obenberger, founding partner of J.D. Obenberger and Associates, is a Chicago-based attorney who practices in the areas of First Amendment and entertainment law, among others. He wrote the following explanation of the personal identification document requirements contained in Title 18 U.S.C. §2257 and associated regulations in order to clarify some misconceptions following the Justice Department's May 23 publication of revisions to the regulations. "This material is very hard even for very bright people to follow without the help afforded by formatting," he noted in a cover letter, adding that adult webmaster chat boards seem to be awash with incorrect and misleading information because some of the language in the statutes and associated regulations is technical and confusing. "That's why I wrote this," he said.]
Paying trib-ute to SinncentVanSage 1412 Posts 12/04
Posted - May 29 2005 : 10:23PM
Do you know a paragraph in law that reads something like: "Children are objects that can be used as pretext to distract from the real goals of government"? I really hope such a paragraph exists. That would mean government actually doesn't abuse children.
And you know what's next? A totalitarian police state. It's the logical consequence of that 2257 nonsense. Or why should government itself be excluded from keeping records of all the people it fucked in the ass?
Now let's fight them with their own weapons... with fucking anagrams of that stupid "two two five seven" thing.
- Government releases new "two two five seven" rules
- We react politely first: "wife sent veto vow"
- Government keeps to its "soft teen view vow" against adult industry while mormons still have "oft even two wives"
- We react founding a "won't view soft eve"
- A government guy "woven west of Viet" asks what the hell we want to see in our movies then.
- We say: "Ow, we fist vet oven"
- Government says we can watch anything not going further than a "soft vie event, wow"
- We tried it friendly, we tried it gently, but government kept fucking us. "So we five wove TNT"
(Yeah, I'm guilty of having used this tool, I admit.
The versatile virgin Vince visits the village - Mary go hide yourself!
I was in the UK (where they have their own style of government problems) this weekend and some of my colleagues made an interesting point: if you are handing over copies of ID's and such (instead of the buyer just pointing to your records, as in the old system) to a foreign company when you sell them your content you are very likely breaking UK (idem for most EU countries) privacy law.
The EU's privacy laws are far stricter, and more complex than those in the US. I don't think there's a 'very likely' about it. A European producer would be violating their own privacy laws by mass-distributing copies of government-issued IDs and personal information.
AFAIK the only way to do it is with the permission of the person involved, which for some companies might be doable, but for most will be impossible.
Basically it is illegal to sell/publish/give away the personal data (usually defined as any data that can identify a person) of somebody else without their prior permission. There are some exceptions, all different per country, and compared to those regulations the new 2257 reads like an elementary schoolbook.
Don't know about the rest of Europe, but in the UK there's a distinction between electonic data (governed by a stricter Data Protection Act) and physical files. It might be (don't quote me on this!) that it's ok if they post printed details, but it wouldn't be OK to email it.
I still think you need permission from the person(s) involved. And keeping paper records according to the new 2257 regs is nearly impossible, you have to crossreference everything.
Err, no. PII (personally identifiable information)is protected no matter what the media. I've no doubt that there are additional requirements for electronic data. But there is no way that printed PII is less protected by the privacy laws.
Okay just for the record according to some stuff I am reading about this hosting your site on a server outside the US DOES NOT make you exempt from 2257.
Apparently there is a thing in there (still going through it) that talks about being "available to US customers". Not to mention the whole "you are a US citizen any way" thing.
Even People and sites totally based outside the US are not exempt apparently.
Now legally I think the courts will tell the DOJ to step off on this one as they have NO jurisdiction to say that and as one guy from Denmark said "I would like to see the DOJ get their courts to issue them a writ to see his paperwork." (my words).
I re-read the new 2257 rules again last night and picked up on something I had missed previously.
Producers (either primary or secondary) that work part time or do not have posted business hours are required to contact the DOJ and let them know when they can come by.
From section 75.5:
So if you don't have business hours posted on your website OR if your normal business hours are less than 20 per week you have a problem. You will need to contact the DOJ or risk being charged with a felony.
But since you mentioned referral links. I have heard from a few sources that their lawyers have indicated that when a website content editor links to an image or a page with images on someone else's server using a plain text link they could be required to maintain records according to the terms of the rule.
I was told by a very reputable attorney today that simple text links to images or pages of images on other servers should be OK. If it turns out that we aren't able to link to sites without maintaining records ourselves, then this site will cease to exist.
Why do I keep seeing people use definitions from 2256 in relation to what requires records using 2257. In reading 2257 it only references 2256 in it's definition of what a minor is and that is all but people keep saying exposed "genitals", "pubic area" and "lacivious behavior" require records but I can't find those mentioned in 2257 anywhere.
Me too. Our image policy is meant to be clear and easy to understand. It's not designed to be playbook for staying just within the requirements of the law.
Ooops I should have specified I was not talking about your image policy posted above.
That I understand from a primary/secondary producer standpoint.
But I am finding several places where people are using those phrases as to define what is covered by 2257 but 2257 never says that.
BTW as far as your links go. Are you saying the lawyer is telling you that if you put up a hardcore box cover image that links to the company site then you are a secondary producer but if you just type in the name of the title and have it link to the company site then you are okay?
why do I get the feeling that some companies are going to use this to fight copy right / piracy issues.
One retailer's lawyer instructed them to make sure that all of their affiliates linking to their site were maintaining 2257 records for each movie they were linking to regardless if the link was an image or a text link. It is the opinion of this lawyer that "including any person who enters into a contract, agreement, or conspiracy to do any of the foregoing. " applies to these types of affiliate links. Since we are unwilling to maintain records we will be removing this retailer from the site.
A different attorney, who is a well-respected long-time veteran of this industry, holds the opinion that text links are outside the scope of the new 2257 rules but does acknowledge that the DOJ may not feel the same way. To place the record-keeping burden on text links in no way protects children.
Because the definitions in § 2256 applies to the entire criminal chapter on sexual exploitation and abuse of children. § 2257 does not need to reference back to § 2256 for the definitions to apply.
Here's an easy way to interpret confusing regulations and whether they apply to a particular situation. Do a strikethrough to whatever doesn't apply because of the situation and then reread it rather than focusing on something that confuses you (the bolding method) that may not even apply. I call it the strikethru method.
As far as the revenue sharing or affiliate arrangements like bkmax go, many of those sites offer promotion pictures and video clips. I've been in touch with one site I do business with to ask if they'll provide model information to US affiliates, and did not get a good answer. I'm on the side that the webmasters will have to get the paperwork from the sites they work with, but I don't think the pay sites are prepared to supply the info....
Okay so the definition for what is "sexually explicit conduct" comes from 2256(2)which is where people are coming up with this.
Now 2257 SPECIFICALLY restricts the rules to "actual sexually explicit conduct" in section 75.7(a)(2).
So now if I am reading this right because of 2256(2)(E) where it says "lascivious exhibition of the genitals or pubic area of any person" this can mean pretty much anything as long as it involves a single person and because of the one case I read (can't remember the name) they can even be clothed.
But as dumb as this sounds wouldn't the 2257 exemption mean that if I shot a b-g or g-g scene all softcore then it would be exempt form 2257 regardless of the fact that it meets the definition under 2256 of sexually explicit conduct.
Next thing is for "actual" sex how does that work for something like set coverage. If I only shoot soft core shots of what is a hardcore scene is 2257 required. And how do you prove to the investigator that the sex was "simulated"?
Going through my shots I realized the presence of things like a blow-up of the boxcover shot for Elastic Assholes #2 behind Katin during the 2005 AEE Convention could in fact make the image have to meet the 2257 requirements even though the shot on display was not hardcore. By it's very nature a porn boxcover could be defined as "exciting lust" even though the shot itself was in a public convention hall were "sexually explicit conduct" was not allowed.
Another even better example was the PR shoot I just did for Shy Love and Kelly Erikson at a strip club in LA for one of their dance gigs. Now in the US (at least at this club) actual sexual contact between the women is not allowed but that doesn't prevent them from fakeing it. Now if you read the "exemptions" clause of 2257 you would think it is all good since there was no "actual" sexually explicit conduct then you are fine but the definitions in 2256 are saying no it is not and you will need documentation.
Something else that just occured to me. Wouldn't the 2257 rule make all those nude famous people shots using long lenses illegal as the photographers wouldn't have the 2257 documentation and you could argue that thier "focus" was such that they were lacivious?
I think an investigator will use a concept called "Totality of Circumstance" in those cases. In the extreme case, a fully clothed shot of a model in a 'school-girl' uniform, if surrounded by typical gonzo verbiage might still be justification enough for an investigator to examine the records for that model.
Now you're just being silly (and I'm being sarcastic), mainstream media never has to deal with 2257 documentation; even in cases like; "Wild Things", "Pretty Baby", "Blue Lagoon", "Lolita", "Desparate Housewives" (that gardener is in high school....), or most day-time soaps, where actors portray underage characters having sex on screen.
Is the copy of 2257 listed here a complete copy of 2257 or does it only address those parts of it that were changed in the revision?
Once I found out why 2256 pertained to 2257 I went back and printed out all of Title 18 Chapter 110 which contains these statutes and found something interesting. I got it from Legal Information Institute website and their copy of 2257 was obviously an older version but it did say something that caught my attention.
28 CFR Part 75 from the Federal Registry copy says that "This rule amends the record-keeping and inspection requirements of 28 CFR part 75." Which I read as meaning (in layman's terms) These are the changes to 2257 but if we don't address it here then what the original 2257 said is still in effect. Such as the last section of 2257(i) on the LII website which addresses the penalities for violating this act which I don't see listed in the Federal Registry copy on the "amended" changes.
The reason I bring this up is because the original 2257 actually holds a definition of "actual sexually explicit conduct" in it on the last page that says:
"actual but not simulated conduct as defined in subparagraphs (A) through (D) of paragraph (2) of section 2256 of this title."
Which leaves out the last section of the definition (E) which states "lacivious exhibition of the genitals or pubic area of any person;".
Which I guess makes sense since the 2257 limit themselves to "actual sexually explicit conduct" while section (E) would be more of a "simulated" thing. But I don't know.
The reason I bring this up is it would clear all the show shots and most PR stuff since they don't involve "actual sex".
And for the record I researched 2256 as best I could and could find nothing that suggested 2256(2)(E) was not part of the original draft. I did find where they changed "lewd" to "lacivious" but nothing that suggested section (E) would not have been there when they originally wrote 2257 and that definition.
2257 is a statute codified in the U.S. Code. Statutes are what we normally know as the actual legislation that Congress pass. Many times Congress will write a statute over which they don't have that much expertise in so they authorise a federal agency to issue regulations to fill in the gaps in order to enforce the law. (For example 2257(g)). The regulations are coded in the CFR.
Should a regulation (which is an agency's interpretation of the law) contradict a statute, then the statute holds. When interpreting a regulation, you have to check back to the statute to make sure that it is valid. The reason why some regulations sound so awkward is that the agency usually copy and paste entire phrases from the statutes as they are substituting them for specific terms to avoid straying from the statute. You also have to check against the Constitution and federal case law.
So what you saying is that the one I got from the LII was the actual US Code as passed by Congress and what is in the Federal Registry as 28 CFR Part 75 is The DOJ's definition of how to carry out that law.
And to see if the definition of "actual sexually explicit conduct" contained on the LII site still applies I have to go through case law and such.
But so then am I right in assumeing that since 28 CFR Part 75 didn't mention a new definition then what is listed in the Coded 2257 then unless it was changed previously by case law or another CFR then it is still valid?
You can normally rely on the statute's definition unless the statute refers to an undefined vague term. Then maybe a regulation has provided the definition or you go to case law where a court has tried to apply that term.
When I do research, I mostly rely on an annotated U.S. Code (which isn't available online) where it references the regulations and case law interpreting the statutes.
I'm almost positive that the current 2257 statute reflected the Supreme Court case that decriminalised simulated child porn. Of course it's silly to keep records of a person that doesn't exist. It's also pointless to make someone keep records in order to prevent something that is not illegal even if the participants are underage.
Creampies, Blowjobs and Asians..... Oh My! 236 Posts 9/04
Posted - Jun 5 2005 : 8:17PM
Well if anyone's interested, Lightspeed issue their stance on the 2257 changes. If you haven't heard of them, they are one of the bigger adult programs online. Tons of teen girl independant sites.
They ARE NOT releasing their models i.d.s to anyone. They have 1000's of affilates, and set up new term and conditions for ALL their affilates. They have directed all affilates to remove all of the hardcore images and nude pics from all tgp's and replacing them with text links. These text links will go directly back to the images on their servers.
They have also contributed money to the FSC to help fund the challenge to 2257. Nice to see a stand up company in the middle of all the confusion.
This will more than likely be the model for most all legitimate online adult companies. There are a few companies running scared, but these could be companies without their paperwork in order anyways. The big guys are going to stay and fight, and are buying up the traffic left behind.
I'm not sure what all this means for online adult stores. We'll just have to wait and see.
No producer in their right mind will ever release their models information to anyone outside of the inquiring Federal government. Safety of the models is the primary concern of all professional producers. The laundry list of problems that could/would stem from releasing this information is frightening.
I don't agree with this. When I used to purchase $50k/month in product from various studios back in '98 almost all asked if I needed 2257 documentation. (I doubt many companies launched in the last five years do this.) I guess for those prodcution companies that were in the business back in the early 90s providing 2257 documentation became a regular part of servicing their customers.
Hell, we don't even sell anything on ADT and some companies still send us 2257 documentation with our screener packages.
God hates us all, you know it's true, God hates this place. - Slayer 1726 Posts 10/03
Posted - Jun 5 2005 : 11:06PM
Granted I don't get nearly as many movies (well I would assume I don't anyway ) as you guys do, but I don't ever recall getting 2257 info...
On a side note, would images like this still fall into the 2257? I could have swore I read something a time ago about these would NOT fall into the 2257. Maybe I'm wrong, hopefully I am and these are OK - then I can still do screens with some blurring
75.1(c)(4) Producer does not include persons whose activities relating to the visual depiction of actual sexually explicit conduct are limited to the following:
75.1(c)(4)(iii) Any activity, other than those activities identified in paragraphs (c)(1) and (2) of this section, that does not involve the hiring, contracting for, managing or otherwise arranging for the participation of the depicted performers.
(c)(1) and (2) are the definitions of producer, primary producer and secondary producer
Now the way I am reading this is that (iii) is total fluff that doesn't exempt anyone and the photographer or camera man on the shoot regardless of the fact that he is a paid employee like everyone else must keep records because he falls under the mantle of "producer".
PL - I am getting my court cases confused here but there was one that dealt with this issue in which they said it didn't matter that the image was blocked out. I think that one dealt specifically with child porn but as far as 2257 is concerned there is no distinction you still must have the records. I am still wondering if you are covering a set and shoot all soft core shots of what is a hardcore scene do you still need to have records since it was "actual" sex you just didn't show it.